![]() Eggs were parasitised by the wasp Trichogramma pretiosum. ![]() 1985) found greater corn earworm Helicoverpa zea parasitism in plots of corn Zea mays treated with tomato Solanum lycopersicum extract (38% eggs parasitised) than in control plots of corn without tomato extract (29%). 10th International Congress of Plant Protection: Plant Protection for Human Welfare, 20-25 November, 1983, Brighton, UK, Vol 1, 268.Ī replicated, controlled field study (Nordlund et al. (1983) Control of the pink bollworm in Egypt by mating disruption using pheromones. Referenced paper McVeigh L.J., Critchley B.R. This conference paper did not determine whether natural enemies were attracted to the pheromones or simply benefited from the absence of insecticides. Moths were monitored in pheromone-baited traps and by counting infested flowers and cotton bolls. Natural enemies were monitored by D-vac sampling. Pheromone treatments were tested in three 50 ha blocks of cotton, each paired with a 50 ha insecticide-treated control. Three sex pheromone formulations were tested (microcapsules in solution, laminated plastic chips and hollow fibres) but average moth catches and yield were unaffected by these treatments. Average daily moth (Lepidoptera) catches were lower and seed cotton yields were higher in fields treated with pheromones than in controls. fields treated with pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella mating-disruption chemicals (sex pheromones) than in controls treated with insecticide. ![]() 1983) found three times more insect predators in cotton Gossypium sp. ![]() Supporting evidence from individual studiesĪ controlled, paired study in Egypt (McVeigh et al. Yield: One study found higher wheat yields.Ĭrops studied were apple, banana, bean, broccoli, Chinese cabbage, cotton, cowpea, cranberry, grape, grapefruit, hop, maize, oilseed, orange, tomato, turnip and wheat. Two studies found more pests and four found no effect.Ĭrop damage: One study found reduced damage with some chemicals but not others, and one study found no effect. Pests: Three of nine studies (seven randomised, replicated, controlled) from Asia, Australasia, Europe and North America found fewer pests, although the effect occurred only in the egg stage in one study. Two of four studies (including a review) found higher chemical doses attracted more enemies, but one study found lower doses were more effective and one found no effect. Four of 13 studies (including a meta-analysis) found more natural enemies with some but not all test chemicals. Natural enemies: Five of 13 studies from Africa, Asia, Australasia, Europe and North America found more natural enemies while eight (including seven randomised, replicated, controlled trials) found positive effects varied between enemy groups, sites or study dates. One study found lower egg predation by natural predators. One study showed that parasites found pests more rapidly. Two studies, including one randomised, replicated, controlled trial, found greater parasitism for some but not all chemicals, crops, sites or years and one study found no effect. When this mod gets updated, Nexus will have to re-verify it, so it goes down temporarily.Parasitism and predation (by natural enemies) : One review and two of five studies from Asia, Europe and North America found that attractive chemicals increased parasitism. Desktop), then move the exe, OR just move the EXE straight from the RAR to your game directory to avoid all that. You will have to place the folder elsewhere (ex. This is because it will not open the readme straight from the rar. If you try to view the "README TUTORIAL" file through the rar itself, you will be met with an error of "Potentially Dangerous Content has been Blocked". NOTE, DOING ANY OF THIS DOES NOT DELETE OR REPLACE YOUR PROGRESS/SAVES. AnĪlternate way is just to verify your game files via steam. TMNT.exe located in "Original TMNT EXE" folder and copy and paste If wanting to switch back to the original version, take the It should prompt you to replace theįile in the destination if done correctly. (MORE ENEMIES), or (MORE ENEMIES - PLUS), and paste it into your game directory, which should be To install this mod, simply COPY the TMNT.exe located in this folder When using this mod, ANY difficulty can be chosen as preferred, however Gnarly Difficulty is going to prove quite the challenge! The standard 2 hit points in Gnarly remains the same. Comes paired with a hard version that will increase score for life count (since there are more enemies), and allow more summons at once during bosses. This mod adds more enemies to the game, as well as reduces the boss summon cooldown and increases count.
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